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Impermanent loss in DeFi: how AMM rebalancing clips LP returns and what fees actually recover

8/14/2026

In focus: the cost embedded in every liquidity position on decentralized exchanges like Uniswap and Balancer.

Impermanent loss measures the gap between holding a token pair in a wallet versus depositing those tokens into an automated market maker pool.

Swap fees, which run from 0.01% to 1.00% per trade on Uniswap, are the primary offset, and whether the math works depends on volume.

The rebalancing mechanics The constant product formula (x y = k) governs how pool ratios shift as token prices diverge.

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